简单做法是画出三角形OAB,OA,OB 为直角边,AB为斜边,根据勾股定律直接求出13
复杂做法如下:
设a(x1,y1),b(x2,y2)
∵ 已知 |a| = 12,|b| = 5
∴ x1² + y1² = 144,x2² + y2² = 25
∵ 已知 ∠AOB = 90°,即 OA⊥OB
∴ a和b的数乘为0
即 a·b = 0
(x1,y1)·(x2,y2) = 0
x1x2 + y1y2 = 0
∵ |a - b| = √(x1 - x2)² + (y1 - y2)²
= √(x1² - 2x1x2 + x2² + y1² - 2y1y2 + y2²)
= √(x1² + y1² + x2² + y2² - 2(x1x2 + y1y2))
= √144 + 25
= √169
= 13