1.动词的时态一共有16种,以ask为例:
现在时 过去时 将来时 过去将来时
一般 ask / asks asked shall/will ask should/would ask
进行 am/is/are asking was/were asking shall/will be asking should/would be asking
完成 have/has asked had asked shall/will have asked should/would have asked
完成进行 have/has been asking had been asking shall/will have been asking should/would have been asking
2.现在完成时与一般过去时的区别:
1) 现在完成时表示过去发生的动作或存在的状况,但和现在有联系,强调的是对现在造成的影响或结果,它不能同表示过去的时间状语连用,汉译英时可加“已经”等词.简言之,利用过去,说明现在.如:
I have already read the novel written by the world-famous writer.(已经看过,且了解这本书的内容)
2) 一般过去时只表示过去发生的动作或状态,和现在无关,它可和表示过去的时间状语连用,汉译英时可加“过”,“了”等词.简言之,仅谈过去,不关现在.如:
I read the novel last month.(只说明上个月看了,不涉及现在是否记住)
I lived in Beijing for ten years.(只说明在北京住过十年,与现在无关)
3.现在完成时与现在完成进行时的区别:
两者都可以表示“从过去开始一直持续到现在”,在含义上如着重表示动作的结果时,多用现在完成时,如着重表示动作一直在进行,即动作的延续性时,则多用现在完成进行时.一般不能用于进行时的动词也不能用于现在完成进行时.
I have read that book.我读过那本书了.
I have been reading that book all the morning.我早上一直在读那本书.
4.一般将来时的表达方式:
将来时 用法 例句
1 will/shall+动词原形 表示将来发生的动作或存在的状态 My sister will be ten next year.
2 be going to+动词原形 含有“打算,计划,即将”做某事,或表示很有可能要发生某事 It’s going to clear up.
We’re going to have a party tonight.
3 be + doing 进行时表示将来 go,come,start,move,leave,arrive等词可用进行时表示按计划即将发生的动作 He is moving to the south.
Are they leaving for Europe?
4 be about to + 动词原形 表示安排或计划中的马上就要发生的动作,后面一般不跟时间状语 I was about to leave when the bell rang.
The meeting is about to close.
5 be to + 动词原形 表示按计划进行或征求对方意见 We’re to meet at the school gate at noon.
6 一般现在时表示将来 时刻表上或日程安排上早就定好的事情,可用一般现在时表示将来 The meeting starts at five o’clock.
The plane leaves at ten this evening.
不知道你要的是不是这些.希望对你有用.