你这句子有两种写法,如果是按状语从句来讲因该是过去完成时,因为你的主句是过去时,没交作业是发生在过去的过去,所以因该是用过去完成时.
第一种是分词改写成短语形式做状语.
not having handed in his exercise book,he was scolded by the teacher.
第二种是状语从句
as he hasn't handed in his exercise book,he was scolded by the teacher.
都是由于他没交作业,所以被老师骂.还有,你那个句子有点错误,就用hand,in不要.因为hand是及物动词,后面不跟介词的.