不及物动词的被动形式已转化为形容词,表状态,如：risen sun ,已升起的太阳
fallen leaves 落叶； a retired worker ,退休工人 ；
I was pleased at the news .听到这个消息我很高兴.
及物动词的被动形表示动作是他人来完成的,既表被动,也可以表已经完成,如
Seen from the top of the hill ,the city looked like a big garden .
Laughed at by many people ,he continued his study .