①只用 whether ,不用 if 的情况
(1) 引导表语从句.如:
The question was whether Tom has gone to Shanghai.问题是汤姆是否到上海去了.
(2) 同位语从句.如:
The problem whether it is right or wrong has not yet been discussed.
这个问题是否正确还没讨论.
(3) 用作介词宾语(介词往往可以省略).如:
It all depends on whether they'll help us.这完全取决于他们是否帮助我们.
(4) 和不定式连用.如:
Please tell me whether to go there.请告诉我是否去那儿.
(5) 与 or not 连用,引导状语从句,表示 " 不管与否 " 、 " 不论与否 " 之意.如:
The meal will be ready for her whether she comes or not .不论她来不来,把饭给她准备好.
(6) 与 or 连用,构成句型 "whether...or…" 意为 " 不管 …… 还是 ……" .如:
Whether he will come himself or send a person is unimportant .
不管是他本人来还是派人来并不重要.
(7) 在主语从句中,只有用 it 作形式主语时,whether 和 if 都可用,否则,只用 whether 如:
Whether we shall attend the meeting hasn't been decided yet.
It hasn't been decided whether(if) we shall attend the meeting..
☆(8) 宾语从句位于句首 ( 起强调作用 ) 时.如:
whether they can help us ,I don't know yet . 他能不能帮我们,我还不知道
☆(9) 引导让步状语从句,只能用 whether .如:
Whether you like it or not,you must do it well.
☆(10) 用 if 引起歧义时.如:
Please let me know if you like it.(请告诉我你是否喜欢./ 如果你喜欢,请告诉我.)
若用 whether 就不会有第一层意思.
②只用 if 不用 whether 的情况
引导否定形式的宾语从句.如:I don't care if he doesn't come .他来不来我不在意.