一、十位数是1的两个两位数乘法
一个数与另一个数的个位之和(扩10倍),加上两个个位乘积.
例题:17 × 18 = ?
方法:
(17 + 8)×10 = 250
+ 7 × 8 = 56
——————————
306
答案:17 × 18 = 306
解释:
17 × 18
= 17 ×(10 + 8)
= 17 × 10 + 17 × 8
= 170 +(10 + 7)× 8
= 170 + 80 + 7 × 8
=(170 + 80)+(7 × 8)
= 250 + 56
= 306
验算:
17
× 18
——————
136
+ 17
——————
306
再例:18 × 19 = ?
方法:
(18 + 9)×10 = 270
+ 8 × 9 = 72
———————————
342
答案:18 × 19 = 342
练习题:
11 × 11 = ? 12 × 12 = ? 13 × 13 = ?
11 × 12 = ? 12 × 13 = ? 13 × 14 = ?
11 × 13 = ? 12 × 14 = ? 13 × 15 = ?
11 × 14 = ? 12 × 15 = ? 13 × 16 = ?
11 × 15 = ? 12 × 16 = ? 13 × 17 = ?
11 × 16 = ? 12 × 17 = ? 13 × 18 = ?
11 × 17 = ? 12 × 18 = ? 13 × 19 = ?
11 × 18 = ? 12 × 19 = ?
11 × 19 = ?
14 × 14 = ? 15 × 15 = ? 16 × 16 = ?
14 × 15 = ? 15 × 16 = ? 16 × 17 = ?
14 × 16 = ? 15 × 17 = ? 16 × 18 = ?
14 × 17 = ? 15 × 18 = ? 16 × 19 = ?
14 × 18 = ? 15 × 19 = ?
14 × 19 = ?
17 × 17 = ? 18 × 18 = ? 19 × 19 = ?
17 × 18 = ? 18 × 19 = ?
17 × 19 = ?
二、十位数为1两位数的平方
速算法:底数与其个位之和,加上底数个位平方.
例题:17 2 = ?
方法:
17 + 7 = 24-
+ 7 2 = 49
————————
289
答案:17 2 = 289
解释:
17 2
= 17 × 17
= (10 + 7)×(10 + 7)
= 10 × 10 + 10 × 7 + 7 × 10 + 7 × 7
= 100 + 70 +70 + 49
= 240 + 49
= 289
验算:
17
× 17
——————
119
+ 17
——————
289
再例:19 2 = ?
方法:
19 + 9 = 28-
+ 9 2 = 81
————————
361
答案:19 2 = 361
练习题:
11 2 = ? 14 2 = ? 17 2 = ?
12 2 = ? 15 2 = ? 18 2 = ?
13 2 = ? 16 2 = ? 19 2 = ?
三、个位数是1的两个两位数乘法
速算法:十位乘十位,连上十位加十位,再加1.
例题:71 × 81 = ?
方法:
7 × 8 = 56--
7 + 8 = 15
+ 1
————————
5751
答案:71 × 81 = 5751
解释:
71 × 81
=(70 + 1 )×(80 + 1)
= 70 × 80 + 70 × 1 + 1 × 80 + 1 × 1
= 5600 + 70 + 80 + 1
= 5600 + 150 + 1
= 5751
验算:
71
× 81
——————
71
+ 568
——————
5751
再例:81 × 91 = ?
方法:
80 × 90 = 7200
80 + 90 = 170
+ 1
—————————
7371
答案::81 × 91 = 7371
练习题:
11 × 11 = ? 21 × 21 = ? 31 × 31 = ?
11 × 21 = ? 21 × 31 = ? 31 × 41 = ?
11 × 31 = ? 21 × 41 = ? 31 × 51 = ?
11 × 41 = ? 21 × 51 = ? 31 × 61 = ?
11 × 51 = ? 21 × 61 = ? 31 × 71 = ?
11 × 61 = ? 21 × 71 = ? 31 × 81 = ?
11 × 71 = ? 21 × 81 = ? 31 × 91 = ?
11 × 81 = ? 21 × 91 = ?
11 × 91 = ?
41 × 41 = ? 51 × 51 = ? 61 × 61 = ?
41 × 51 = ? 51 × 61 = ? 61 × 71 = ?
41 × 61 = ? 51 × 71 = ? 61 × 81 = ?
41 × 71 = ? 51 × 81 = ? 61 × 91 = ?
41 × 81 = ? 51 × 91 = ?
41 × 91 = ?
71 × 71 = ? 81 × 81 = ? 91 × 91 = ?
71 × 81 = ? 81 × 91 = ?
71 × 91 = ?
四、个位是1 的两位数的平方
速算法:十位的平方,加上十位的2倍,再加1.
例题:71 2 = ?
方法:
7 2 = 49--
2 × 7 = 14-
+ 1
-----------------
5041
答案:71 2 = 5401
解释:
71 2
= 71 × 71
= (70 + 1)×(70 + 1)
= 70 × 70 + 1 × 70 + 1 × 70 + 1 × 1
= 490 + 70 +70 + 1
= 240 + 140 + 1
= 5041
验算:
71
× 71
——————
71
+ 497
——————
5041
再例:91 2 = ?
方法:
9 2 = 81--
2 × 9 = 18-
+ 1
————————
8281
答案:91 2 = 8281
练习题:
11 2 = ? 41 2 = ? 71 2 = ?
21 2 = ? 51 2 = ? 81 2 = ?
31 2 = ? 61 2 = ? 91 2 = ?
五、十位相同、个数互补的两个两位数相乘
速算法:十位加1乘十位,连上个位乘个位
例题:24 × 26 = ?
方法:
(2 + 1) × 2 = 6
+ 4 × 6 = 24
——————————
624
答案:24 × 26 = 624
解释:
24 × 26
=(20 + 4)× (20 + 6)
= 20 × 20 + 20 × 6 + 4 × 20 + 4 × 6
= 400 + 120 + 80 + 24
= 624
验算:
24
× 26
——————
144
+ 48
——————
624
再例: 62 × 68 = ?
方法:(6 + 1) × 6 = 42
+ 2 × 48 = 16
——————————
4216
答案:62 × 68 = 4216
练习题:
11 × 19 = ? 41 × 49 = ? 71 × 79 = ?
12 × 18 = ? 42 × 48 = ? 72 × 78 = ?
13 × 17 = ? 43 × 47 = ? 73 × 77 = ?
14 × 16 = ? 44 × 46 = ? 74 × 76 = ?
15 × 15 = ? 45 × 45 = ? 75 × 75 = ?
21 × 29 = ? 51 × 59 = ? 81 × 89 = ?
22 × 28 = ? 52 × 58 = ? 82 × 88 = ?
23 × 27 = ? 53 × 57 = ? 83 × 87 = ?
24 × 26 = ? 54 × 56 = ? 84 × 86 = ?
25 × 25 = ? 55 × 55 = ? 85 × 85 = ?
31 × 39 = ? 61 × 69 = ? 91 × 99 = ?
32 × 38 = ? 62 × 68 = ? 92 × 98 = ?
33 × 37 = ? 63 × 67 = ? 93 × 97 = ?
34 × 36 = ? 64 × 66 = ? 94 × 96 = ?
35 × 35 = ? 65 × 65 = ? 95 × 95 = ?