解题思路:
根据公式
Q
吸
=
c
mt
计算水吸收的热量;水需要吸收的热量是
Q
吸
=
c
mt
=
4.2
×
10
3
J
/(
㎏
⋅
℃
)
×
2
㎏
×
(
100
℃
−
25
℃
)
=
6.3
×
10
5
J
,
该燃气灶的热效率是
25%
,即燃烧燃气放出的热量是
Q
=
Q
吸
/25%
;由
Q
=
m
q
得,
m
=
Q
/
q
计算加热这些水需要燃气的质量,
m
=
Q
/
q
=
Q
吸
/(
q
25%)
=
6.3
×
10
5
J
/(4.5
×
10
7
J
/
㎏
×25%)
=
0.056
㎏
(1)6.3×10 5J (2)0.056㎏