1.what:引导名词从句,有两种意思,一是表示“什么”一是表示“所...的”,用在句子中间的有:
a) 宾语从句:He asked me what I was doing when he came back.他问我他回来的时候我在做什么.
b)主语从句(it为先行主语):I is not uncertain what he has done.他所做完的还不确定.
c) 表语从句:That is what he wants to know.那就是他想知道的事.
2.which 和 who 既可以以引导名词从句(称作连接代词)也可以引导定语从句(称作关系代词):
a)名词从句:
Do you kown who he is?(宾语从句) 你知道他是谁吗?
He told me which of the two I could choose.他告诉我我可以选择两个中的那一个.
b)定语从句:
* who 指代人,如:
This is the man who you are looking for.这就是你征召的那个人.
* which 指代事物,如:
It is a book which introduces China in detail.那是一本详细介绍中国的书.
3.whether:
a)引导名词从句,表示“是否”,通常可以用 if 取代,如:
He wanted to know whether I used to live there.他想知道我是否曾经在那里住过.
Ask him whether he can come.问他能不能来.
I wonder whether it is true.我不知道是不是真的.
b)引导让步状语从句,意思是:不管,无论,如:
he will fail whether we help him or not.不论我们帮助他与否,他都将失败.
This is her last tournament whether she wins or whether she loses,不管她是赢是输,这是她的最后一次锦标赛.