动词-ing形式既可作动词的宾语,又可作介词的宾语.
1.以下动词或短语只接动词-ing形式作宾语:
admit,avoid,appreciate,consider,enjoy,escape,finish,keep,mind,miss,suggest等动词; can’t stand,give up,feel like,keep on,think of,set about,dream of 等短语.
2.在下列短语中,to是介词,后面应用动词-ing形式作宾语:
be / get used to,look forward to,devote…to,pay attention to,object to等.
3.下列动词或短语既可以跟动词-ing形式作宾语,也可以跟不定式作宾语,但意义上有区别:
● like,love,prefer如表示经常性的行为后接动词-ing形式;如表示具体的行为常用动词不定式,但要注意:如果like,love,prefer前有would,后面则接动词不定式.如:Would you like to go shopping with me?
● 下列几组词接动词-ing形式作宾语和不定式作宾语含义不同:
forget doing 忘记已做过某事; forget to do 忘记要做某事
remember doing 记得做过某事; remember to do 记住要做某事
mean doing 意思是,意味着; mean to do 打算做
regret doing 后悔做过某事; regret to do 遗憾要做某事
can’t help doing 禁不住做; can’t help (to) do 不能帮忙做.
● 在allow,permit,advise等动词后直接跟动词-ing形式作宾语,如果这些词后面有名词或代词作宾语,其后要用动词不定式作宾语补足语.如:
We don’t allow smoking in the classroom.
We don’t allow students to smoke.
● 动词need,require,want作“需要”解时,其后用动词-ing的主动形式或不定式的被动形式作宾语,这时动词-ing的主动形式表被动意义.如:
Your coat wants washing.= Your coat wants to be washed.
三、动词-ing的复合结构
动词-ing的复合结构即:物主代词或名词所有格(作宾语时也可以用代词宾格或名词普通格) + 动词-ing.如:
Lucy’s turning up surprised everyone present.
Would you mind my / me using your mobile phone?
四、动词-ing的时态、语态以及否定形式动词-ing有一般式(doing) 和完成式 (having done) 两种时态,一般式的被动语态是being done,完成式的被动语态是having been done.动词-ing的完成式所表示的动作发生在谓语动词的动作之前.
动词-ing的否定形式是在doing之前加not.例如:
I’m sorry for not having told you the news earlier.