o结尾的名词后面什么时候加s,什么时候加es

1个回答

  • 1) 一般名词的复数以加-s或-es的方式构成,构成的方法如下:

    情况 加法 例词

    一般情况 加-s brothers schools

    以s,x,ch,sh结尾的词 加-es buses foxes watches dishes

    以“辅音+y”结尾的词 变y为i,再加-es country—countries(但boys,toys,ways)

    2) 以-o结尾的词,许多加-es构成复数,特别是一些常用词:

    heroes potatoes tomatoes echoes tornadoes

    torpedoes dominoes vetoes mosquitoes Negroes

    mangoes buffaloes volcanoes

    但下面几类词只加-s:

    a.以“元音+o”或“oo”结尾的词:

    videos radios studios folios oratorios embryos

    zoos bamboos kangaroos cuckoos taboos

    b.一些外来词,特别是音乐方面的词:

    pianos concertos solos sopranos tobaccos

    commandos mottos cellos banjos manifestos

    c.一些缩写词和专有名词:

    kilos photos memos micros Eskimos Filipinos

    有个别词加两种词尾都可以,如:

    archipelago(e)s halo(e)s cargoes(英) cargos(美)

    3) 以-f或-fe结尾的词,通常变f为v,再加-(e)s

    half — halves leaf — leaves loaf — loaves

    self — selves thief — thieves wolf — wolves

    shelf — shelves calf — calves elf — elves

    wife — wives knife — knives life — lives

    housewife — housewives

    有些只加-s

    roofs cliffs proofs beliefs chiefs

    有个别词加-s或-es都可以:

    scarf — scarfs或scarves dwarf — dwarfs或 dwarves

    wharf — wharfs或wharves hoof — hoofs或hooves

    handkerchief — handkerchiefs或handkerchieves