有关双链DNA(1、2链)与mRNA(3链)的碱基计算:
①DNA单、双链配对碱基关系:A1=T2,T1=A2;A=T=A1+A2=T1+T2,C=G=C1+C2=G1+G2.A+C=G+T=A+G=C+T=1/2(A+G+C+T);(A+G)%=(C+T)%=(A+C)%=(G+T)%=50%;(双链DNA两个特征:嘌呤碱基总数=嘧啶碱基总数)
DNA单、双链碱基含量计算:(A+T)%+(C+G)%=1;(C+G)%=1―(A+T)%=2C%=2G%=1―2A%=1―2T%;(A1+T1)%=1―(C1+G1)%;(A2+T2)%
=1―(C2+G2)%.
②DNA单链之间碱基数目关系:A1+T1+C1+G1=T2+A2+G2+C2=1/2(A+G+C+T);
A1+T1=A2+T2=A3+U3=1/2(A+T);C1+G1=C2+G2=C3+G3=1/2(G+C);
③a.DNA单、双链配对碱基之和比((A+T)/(C+G)表示DNA分子的特异性):
若(A1+T1)/(C1+G1)=M,则(A2+T2)/(C2+G2)=M,(A+T)/(C+G)=M
b.DNA单、双链非配对碱基之和比:
若(A1+G1)/(C1+T1)=N,则(A2+G2)/(C2+T2)=1/N;(A+G)/(C+T)=1;若(A1+C1)/(G1+T1)=N,则(A2+C2)/(G2+T2)=1/N;(A+C)/(G+T)=1.
④两条单链、双链间碱基含量的关系:
2A%=2T%=(A+T)%=(A1+T1)%=(A2+T2)%=(A3+U3)%
=T1%+T2%=A1%+A2%;
2C%=2G%=(G+C)%=(C1+G1)%=(C2+G2)%=(C3+G3)%
=C1%+C2%=G1%+G2%.