只需证明:
积分e^(-x^2) = 根号(Pi),从负无穷到正无穷
标准正态分布:[1/根号(Pi)] * e^(-x^2)
[积分e^(-x^2)dx]^2 = 积分e^(-x^2) dx * 积分e^(-y^2) dy =
积分e^[-(x^2 + y^2)] dx dy ,
转换成绩坐标:
= 积分e^(-r^2) * r * dr * dzeta ,r从0到正无穷,zeta 从0到2Pi
= 2Pi * 积分e^(-r^2) * (1/2) * d(r^2)
= Pi * 积分e^(-r^2) d(r^2)
= Pi * 积分e^(-t) dt ,t 从0到正无穷
= Pi * [-e^(-t)]| 从0到正无穷
= Pi * 0 - -1
= Pi
于是,[积分e^(-x^2)dx]^2 = Pi
积分e^(-x^2) = 根号(Pi)
证毕.