(3)A chemical company is expanding its operations,and a disused woollen mill is to be converted into a processing plant.Four companies have submitted designs for the equipment that will be installed in the mill,and a choice has to be made between them.The manager of the chemical company has identified three attributes that he considers to be important in the decision:‘cost’,‘environmental impact’ and ‘reliability’.He has assessed how well each design performs on each attribute by allocating values on a scale from 0 (the worst design) to 100 (the best).These values are shown below,together with the costs that will be incurred if a design is chosen:
一家化学公司正在扩大其业务,并将一个废弃的毛纺厂是将被转换成一个加工厂.四家公司提出了将会安装在磨机,该设备的设计,两者之间作出选择.化工公司的经理确定了他认为重要的是在决定中的三个属性：'成本'、 '环境影响' 和 '可靠性'.他评估如何好每个设计通过对执行的每个属性分配分摊比额表上的值从 0 （最糟糕的设计） 到 100 （最佳）.这些值如下所示,以及如果选择一种设计则会招致的费用：
Benefits
Dsign涉及 cost($) 成本 Environmental impact 环境影响 Reliability可靠性
A 90,000 20 100
B 110,000 70 0
C 170,000 100 90
D 60,000 0 50
a) The manager is having difficulty in allocating weights to the two benefit attributes.Assuming that the two weights sum to 100 and that mutual preference independence exists between the attributes,perform a sensitivity analysis to show how the design offering the highest value for aggregate benefits will vary depending upon the weight that has been allocated to ‘environmental impact’.
(a) 经理难以权重两个效益分配属性.假设这两个重量的总和为 100 和那相互偏好独立存在属性之间,执行灵敏度分析,以显示如何设计提供聚合的好处的最高值将会发生变化取决于已分配给 '环境影响' 的比重.
(b) Eventually,the manager decides to allocate ‘environmental impact’ a weight of 30 and ‘reliability’ a weight of 70.By plotting the benefits and costs of the designs on a graph,identify the designs that lie on the efficient frontier.
(b) 最终,经理决定分配3成 '可靠性' 比重和 7成的 '环境影响'比重.通过绘制的效益和成本的关系上图设计,识别出适合效率靠前设计.
(c) The manager also decides that,if he were offered a hypothetical design that had the lowest reliability and the worst environmental impact,he would be prepared to pay $120 000 to convert that design to one that had the best impact on the environment but that still had the lowest level of reliability.Which design should the manager choose?
(c) 经理又决定,是否他被提供了最低的可靠性和对环境的影响最坏的假设性设计,他需要支付 120 000 美元将转换该设计为一个对环境产生最佳的影响,但这仍有是最低级别的可靠性.经理应该选择哪些设计?
如果是我,将选择C,该答案符合‘cost’,‘environmental impact’ and ‘reliability’的要求和期望.