什么是实意动词?最好写出用法哈,谢谢了

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  • 实义动词

    有完整词汇意义的动词叫做实义动词.实义动词分跟有宾语的及物动词和不跟宾语的不及物动词.连系动词也是实义动词,但连系动词不能单独构成谓语,其后必须跟有表语.

    1.及物动词和不及物动词

    有些及物动词只有一个宾语(单宾语),有些可跟间接宾语和直接宾语(双宾语),或跟宾语和宾语补足语(复合宾语),例:

    I like the book very much.我很喜欢这本书.

    My teacher lend me some books.我的老师借给我一些书.(双宾语)

    I’ll let you know as soon as I hear from her.我一接到她的信就通知你.(复合宾语)

    而不及物动词不带宾语,例:

    The good news soon spread all over the city.好消息很快传遍全城.

    许多动词既可作及物动词,又可作不及物动词,例:

    He turned his head.他把头转过去了.(及物)

    She turned and walked to the house.她转身走回家.(不及物)

    有些不及物动词与及物动词本义相同,但形式不同,例:

    lie 躺(不及物); lay 放(及物)

    The book is lying on the table.书在桌上.

    He laid the book on the table.他把书放在桌上.

    有些及物动词用反身代词作宾语,我们把它们称为反身动词,例:

    He can’t express himself in English.他无法用英语表达自己的想法.

    The boy dressed himself quickly.那男孩很快穿好了衣服.

    有些不及物动词用作及物动词时需用其同源的名词作宾语,称作同源宾语,例:

    He dreamed a sweet dream last night.昨夜他作了个美梦.

    The people are living a happy life.人民过着幸福的生活.

    She sighed a deep sigh.她深深地叹了一口气.

    注意:有些不及物动词后面可接形容词或名词,这时的用法相当于连系动词,例:

    The tree grows tall.这棵树长得很高.

    He returned an old man after 50 years abroad.在国外过了五十年后他回来时已是个老头了.

    实义动词、连系动词、情态动词和助动词

    动词从其含义来分,有实义动词(notional verb),连系动词(1ink verb),情态动词(modal verb)和助动词(auxiliary verb)四类.

    1.实义动词 实义动词有完全的词义,并能独立作谓语动词.

    如:The sun shone brightly this morning.今天早晨阳光灿烂.

    He likes to go for a long walk on sundays.他喜欢星期日出去作长距离散步.

    We have a big TV set in the club.我们俱乐部有台大电视机.

    2.连系动词 连系动词在句中作谓语动词,后面跟表语.英语连系动词有be(是),seem(似乎),look(看来),keep(保持),become(变成),get(变得),grow(变得),feel(感到),turn(变得,变成),appear(显得),remain(仍旧是)等.如:

    It is never too late to mend.改过不嫌晚.

    It was a close game.那场球赛比分很接近.

    The children in this nursery look very healthy.这个托儿所的孩子看起来都非常健康.

    Keep quiet,please!请安静!,

    The tape recorder seems all right.这台录音机好像没有毛病.

    Later he became a doctor.他后来成为一名医生.

    The problem remained unsolved until last year.问题到去年才解决.

    [注一]下面句子中的come和go也是连系动词.如:

    The old man's dream has come true.这位老人的梦想实现了.

    Something has gone wrong with the truck.卡车出毛病了.

    [注二]有些连系动词如seem,appear等后面常跟to be.如:

    The new text seens to be easy,but actually it is rather difficult.这篇新课文好像很容易,其实相当难.

    She appears to be the girl's sister.她似乎是那女孩的姐姐.

    3.情态动词 情态动词有can (能),may (可以,也许),must(必须)等及其过去式could,might等,表示能力、义务、必要、猜测等说话人的语气或情态.情态动词只能和主要动词一起构成谓语动词.

    [注]关于情态动词详见第十一章.

    4.助动词 助动词有shall,will,have,be,should,would,do等.它们只能和主要动词一起构成各种时态、语态、语气等动词形式,以及否定和疑问等结构中的谓语动词.