[x^(1/2)+x^(-1/2)]^2=x+x^(-1)+2=5
因此x^(1/2)+x^(-1/2)=根号5
[x^(1/2)-x^(-1/2)]^2=x+x^(-1)-2=1
因此x^(1/2)-x^(-1/2)=正负1