y surprise 侧重于被动,即别人做了某事使另外一个人吃惊
如:I hit him by surprise.我出其不意地打了他一下.(我发出的动作使 他吃惊)
in surprise 侧重于主动,即主语处于吃惊的一种状态.
如:He was in surprise by my hitting him just now.我刚才打了他一下,使他非常吃惊.
所以常用句型也就是:do sb by surprise 出其不意地..某人
sb be in surprise 某人很吃惊
还有一个:surprise 作动词,sb be surprised 也是某人很吃惊之意.
也许举的例子不太恰当,但希望你能学会这两个词组的用法,