x^4-18x^2y^2+81y^4
=(x^2-9y^2)^2
=(x+3y)^2(x-3y)^2
m^2-n^2+n-1/4
=m^2-(n^2-n+1/4)
=m^2-(n-1/2)^2
=(m+n-1/2)(m-n+1/2)