一.Where引导定语从句———形容词性从句
当where 引导定语从句时,Where前有表示地点的先行词,where 引导的从句修饰先行词,Where是关系副词,在从句中作地点状语.例如：
1.He's got himself into a dangerous situation where he is likely to lose control over the plane .(2001年上海)
评析：situation 是先行词,其后是Where引导的定语从句.
2.This is the place where Luxun once lived .
评析：the place 是先行词,其后是 where引导的定语从句 ,where 在从句中作地点状语.
二.Where引导状语从句———副词性从句
当Where引导状语从句时,Where前没有表示地点的先行词,Where是从属连词,Where引导的从句修饰主句的谓语动词.例如：
3.The famous scientist grew up where he was born and in 1930 he came to Shanghai .(2002年春季高考上海)
评析：句中“the famous scientist grew up "这一部分是该句的主句,Where到句子最后是地点状语从句,where前没有表示地点的先行词.
4.She found her passport where she lost it .
评析："passport"是主句 found 后的宾语,它并不是从句中lost的地点,因此 where 引导的是地点状语从句,从属连词where引导的从句修饰主句的谓语动词 found .
三.where 引导宾语从句、表语从句、主语从句、同位语从句———名词性从句
where引导的名词性从句,意思接近the place where ,可译为：“……的地方”,where是疑问副词.例如：
5.This is where Luxun once lived.(where 引导表语从句)
评析：此句与第2句意思一样,即：这是鲁迅曾经住的地方.但语法功能不一样,第2句中,where 前有先行词 the place,the place在主句中作表语,而第5句中,where 引导的表语从句前没有名词,从语法功能看,where 引导从句的位置是表语位置,where 在表语从句中作地点状语.
6.I don't know where Luxun once lived .(where 引导宾语从句)
评析：此句where 引导的是动词know的宾语从句.
7.She was free to go to where she liked and do what she liked .(where 引导宾语从句)
评析：此句中,where 引导的从句作介词的宾语,意思接近 the place where.
8.We haven't yet settled the question where we are going to spend our summer vacation.(where 引导同位语从句)
评析：本句中疑问副词where 引导的从句,与其前面的名词the question 是同位关系,the question 的具体内容就是where 引导的从句,因此,where 引导的是同位语从句.
9.Where Mary was born is Beijing .(where 引导主语从句)
评析：本句中疑问副词where 引导的从句,放在主句主语的位置,因此这里where 引导的从句是主语从句.译：玛利出身的地方是北京.
巩固练习：翻译下列句子.
1.有志者事竟成.(Where引导状语从句)
2.那是我父亲工作的大楼.(Where引导定语从句)
3.司机问我想上哪儿去.(where 引导宾语从句)
4.书在你原来放的地方.(where 引导表语从句)
5.她回到她妈妈坐的地方.((where 引导介词 to 的宾语从句))
6.请呆在原处.(Where引导状语从句)
Keys:
1.Where there is a will,there is a way .
2.That is the building where my father worked .
3.The driver asked me where I wanted to go .
4.The book is where you left it .
5.She came back to where her mother was sitting .
6.Please stay where you are .