to do有哪些用法,比如说I have instructed my client to remain silent.此

1个回答

  • 此句中的to do 表示 动词不定式,instructed sb to sth 告诉某人做某事

    动词不定式(to do)可以作如下几种状语:

    1)目的状语

    in order to do sth.

    so as to do sth.

    to do sth.

    2)程度状语(也有说成表示程度的结果状语)

    adj./adv.+ enough + to do sth.

    too + adj./adv.+to do sth.

    so + adj./adv.+ as + to do sth.(注意不要遗漏as)

    such + adj.+ a/an c.n.(单数)/c.n.(复数) + as + to do sth.

    3)出其不意/出乎意料的结果

    only/never + to do sth.

    I arrived at the station only to find the train had left.

    对比:预料之内的结果用分词作状语

    I slipped,breaking the vase.

    4)偶尔用作的条件状语(高中不要求掌握)

    相对来说,动词不定式作状语的用法是较为简单的.

    1由 too构成的短语

    too所构成的短语,常用的有如下一些:

    1)all too实在太(很),all too soon /quickly太早(太快).例如:

    The holidays ended all too soon.假期结束得太早了.

    2)none too一点也不.例如:

    We were none too early for the train.我们刚好赶上火车.

    3)only too极其,非常.例如:

    We shall be only too pleased to hear from you further.我们非常欢迎你再来信.(注意这里不是too...to...结构)

    The news was only too true.这消息是千真万确的.

    4)quite too简直太…….例如:

    It’s quite too surprising!这简直太让人吃惊了!

    5)rather too稍微……了一点.例如:

    The soup is rather too salty.汤稍微咸了一点.

    6)too...to...太……以至不能…….例如:

    The boy is too weak to lift the heavy box.这男孩太虚弱,举不起那个重箱子.

    当too...to...跟少数形容词(如ready,glad,pleased,apt,willing,inclined,eager,easy,satisfied等)搭配时,不定式无否定意义.例如:

    He is too ready to promise.他轻于许诺.

    Beginners are too apt to make mistakes.初学者极易出错.

    He is too much inclined to give himself airs.他太喜欢装模作样了.

    需要注意的是,too...to...的否定形式nottoo...to...的意思是"不是太……而不能".例如:

    He is not too young to dress himself.他不是小得连衣服都不会穿.

    It is never too late to learn.活到老,学到老.

    在写作时灵活运用这些短语,会使文章简洁,含义清楚.这里要指出的是,在以上的这些短语中,too的含义是以"太,非常"为主.too还因此形成一类特殊而重要的用法,具体如下:

    2cannot(或can never)...too...表示"怎么……也不会过分"、"越……越好"的含义.如:

    1)One can never be too careful in one’s work.工作越细越好.

    2)One cannot be too careful in making the decision as it was such a critical case.因为这是一个如此重要的问题,所以在做出决定时无论怎样谨慎都不过分.

    3)You cannot praise the play too highly.这出戏你无论怎样称赞都不会过分.