①(x 2+y 2) 2-4x 2y 2=(x 2+y 2+2xy)(x 2+y 2-2xy)=(x+y) 2(x-y) 2;
②3ax 2+6axy+3ay 2=3a(x 2+2xy+y 2)=3a(x+y) 2.