非谓语动词有三种:动词不定式(to do)、动词的ing形式(动名词)、动词的ed形式(过去分词)
这三种都是动词的变化形式,只是在句子中因为不做谓语,所以称为非谓语动词.非谓语动词可以做除谓语以外的其他句子成分,如主语、宾语、定语、状语、表语、宾语补足语等
如:
To see is to believe.(眼见为实)中有两个动词不定式to see和to believe,分别作主语和表语
Barking dogs seldom bite.barking这里是非谓语动词,做定语,修饰dog
I saw a little boy lying under the tree.这里lying是非谓语动词作宾语补足语
Locked up,he had no way to escape.这里locked是非谓语动词作状语