宾语补足语
在英语中有些及物动词,接了宾语意义仍不完整,还需要有1个其他的句子成分,来补充说明宾语的意义、状态等,称为宾语补足语,简称宾补.
比如说：
I heard Jean singing this morning.
句子中的Jean显然是宾语.但是主语I听到的并不是Jean,而是Jean singing.singing 是句子中的宾语补足语.它和宾语之间是逻辑上的主谓关系,也就是说从逻辑上来讲,是Jean执行了singing的动作.
句子中的singing是现在分词做宾语补足语.能够充当宾补的还有宾语补足语的大致有：不定式,现在分词,过去分词,形容词,副词,介宾短语等.一般情况下,宾补通常紧跟在宾语之后.
比如：
I find learning English difficult.(difficult是形容词做宾补）
I saw the kite up and down.（up and down是副词做宾补）
Tom made the girl cry.(cry是省略不定式符号to的动词不定式）
注意：当感官动词和使役动词,如：
see hear notice watch hear feel observe(感官动词)
make have let(使役动词)
接宾补时,不定式的符号to必须省略.
在help后,不定式可以带to,也可不带.
练习：
1.She was glad to see her child well __________.
A.take care of B.taken care of C.taken care D.taking care of
2.Why do you stand and watch the milk __________.
A.boiling B.boiled C.from boiling D.having been boiled
3.I’ve heard him __________ about you often.
A.spoke B.speaking C.speak D.to speak
4.Before he came to London,he had never heard a single English word __________.
A.speaking B.spoken C.speak D.being spoken
5.Walking along the river,we heard someone __________ for help.
A.shouting B.shout C.shouted D.having shouted
6.I held the little bird in my hand and felt its heart __________.
A.jumping B.beating C.bumping D.knocking
7.---“Do you smell anything unusual?”
---“Yes.I can smell something __________.”
A.burning B.is burning C.having burnt D.burn
8.Why do you have the water __________ all the time?
A.ran B.to be running C.running D.being running
9.Ellen was absent this morning because she had her tooth __________.
A.filling B.having been filled C.filled D.full
10.I can’t _________ you running up and down all day long.
A.permit B.let C.have D.allow
11.Is there anything you want from town?I’m going to get __________.
A.those letters mailed B.mailed letters
C.to mailed those letters D.those letters mail
12.The teacher got the students __________ all the words they didn’t know.
A.looked up B.looking in C.to look up D.look at
13.What did the school master want __________ to the noisy children?
A.doing B.to do C.done D.did
14.They wanted the work __________ with great care.
A.to have done B.to be done C.doing D.to do
15.I need this chapter __________ before tomorrow.
A.rewriting B.rewritten C.rewrite D.to write again
16.Having read the Emperor’s New Clothes,we all found it __________.
A.interest B.interested C.interesting D.to interest
17.When she returned home,she found the window open and something __________.
A.to steal B.losing C.missed D.stolen
18.My hometown is found __________.
A.complete changing B.having completely changed
C.completely change D.completely changed
19.We found many people __________ in the meeting room.
A.seat B.seating C.to seat D.seated
20.There was so much noise that the speaker could not make himself _________.
A.being heard B.heard C.hearing D.hear
21.Because of my poor English I’m afraid I can’t make myself _________.
A.understand B.be understood C.understood D.understanding
22.Don’t let him __________ you __________ for a long time.
A.to make,wait B.make,to wait C.make,wait D.to make,to wait
23.He kept me __________ for many hours.
A.to wait B.having been waited C.waiting D.waited
24.Mother caught the boy __________ in the corner.
A.smoke B.to smoke C.smoking D.being smoked
25.John left his coat __________ on the sofa.
A.laying B.lying C.laid D.lain
答案：1-5 BACBA 6-10 BACCC 11-15 ACCBB 16-20 CDDDB 21-25 CCCCB