一、
1、has died ——died
2、started——been on
3、learned——have learned
4、has started——started
如果时间是一个时间点如one and a half years ago,那么动词就应该用一般过去时,如果是一段时间如,for 12 minutes.那么动词就要用完成时态了
二
1、He didn't go to school because he was ill.
He didn't go to school because _of_his _illness__.
2、Everyone is here,_isn't he/aren't they_?
如果陈述句部分主语是everyone,someone,anyone,no one等不定代词,其附加疑问句部分的主语可用he,也可用they