已知四棱锥P-ABCD,底面ABCD为菱形PA垂直平面ABCD角ABC=60度,点E,G为CD,PC中点F在PD上,PF

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  • P点位置未确定,在底面ABCD作AH⊥BC,设菱形边长为1,

    △ABC是正△,设PF/PD=k,

    以A为原点,AH为X轴,AD为Y轴,AP为Z轴建立空间直角坐标系,

    A(0,0,0),B(√3/2,-1/2,0),C(√3/2,1/2,0),

    D(0,2,0),P(0,0,m),F(0,2/k,(k-1)m/k),G(√3/4,1/4,m/2),

    设向量AC=(√3/2,1/2,0),向量AF=(0,2/k,(k-1)m/k),

    设平面AFC法向量n1=(x1,y1,1),

    n1·AC=√3/2x1+y1/2=0,y1=-√3x1,

    n1·AF=0+2y1/k+(k-1)m/k=0,y1=(k-1)m,y1=-(k-1)m/2,

    x1=(k-1)m/(2√3),

    n1=((k-1)m/(2√3), -(k-1)m/2,1),

    BG=(-√3/4,3/4,m/2),

    BG·n1=(k-1)m/(2√3)*(-√3/4)-(3/4)* (k-1)m/2+m/2=-(k-1)/8-(3/8)(k-1)m+m/2=0,(因为当平面法向量和直线垂直时,则直线和平面平行)

    -(k-1)/2+1/2=0,

    ∴k=2,

    ∴PF/PD=2,

    即F应是PD的中点时,BG//平面AFC,此时AP长度未确定,故本题条件有误,不是PF:FD=1:2,应该是PF:FD=1:1,即F是PD的中点.

    现反过来再设F的坐标值,F(0,1,m/2),

    向量AF=(0,1,m/2)

    n1·AC=√3/2x1+y1/2=0,y1=-√3x1,

    n1·AF=0+y1+m/2=0,

    ∴y1=-m/2,x1=√3m/6,

    ∴n1=(√3m/6,-m/2,1),

    向量BG=(-√3/4,3/4,m/2),

    BG·n1=-m/8-3m/8+m/2=0,

    ∴向量BG⊥法向量n1,

    ∴BG//平面AFC.

    故必须改正题中已知条件,PF/FD=1/2时BG不平行平面AFC,只有F是PD中点时,即PF:FD=1:1结论才正确.