设:b=(x,y)
则:a*b=2x+y=10
|a+b|^2=(x+2)^2+(y+1)^2=50
x^2+4x+4+y^2+2y+1=50
x^2+y^2=45-2(2x+y)=45-20=25
|b|^2=x^2+y^2=25
|b|=5