诸如 all,some,any,half,each,either,neither 以及 every/each 系列合成词等不定代词,通常要遵循语法一致的原则,但是有时候它们是与另一个复数名词或不可数名词的核心词一起出现或者指代一个不言自明的复数名词或不可数名词,这时候就可用适用于语法一致或概念一致的两种原则.
1.指代或修饰复数名词用复数动词,指代不可数名词用单数动词,如:
All (the students) are complaining about this long semester.所有的学生都在抱怨这漫长的学期.
All (the food and everything else) is ready for the picnic.所有的食物及其他东西都已为野餐做好准备 .
Some (books) were stolen in spite of the protective measures.尽管有保护措施,一些书籍还是都被盗了.
Some (money) were deposited in the bank.部分钱存放在银行里.
There are no words that can describe the scene.没有语言可以描述那个现场.
There was no end to our trouble.麻烦事没有止境.
2.但是 neither、either、none 等代词需要视具体情况而分别适用不同的一致原则,如:
None of them has/have come back.(适用两种原则)
None of this money is mine.(只适用语法一致)
Neither of them is/are trustworthy.(适用两种原则)
Neither statement is true.(只适用语法一致)
I invited both of them but heither has come yet.(只适用语法一致)
Either rule works perfectly well on you.(只适用语法一致)
The two guests have arrived and either is welcome.(只适用语法一致)
Either of the suggestions is/are satisfactory.(适用两种原则)
3.至于 evert/each 和该系列的合成代词,权威的语法学家已经作出硬性规定,要求遵循语法一致原则,不过在报章杂志上概念一致的用法也时有所见,因此就出现了你提出的几个句子:
Everyone in the house were/was in their beds.
Each of the jobs were/was planned by billy.
Every 100 households have/has 93 television sets and 64 cassette computers in this city.
我的建议是:尽管事实上存在,但是考试时假如两种选项同时出现,一定要以语法一致为正选,不然机器阅卷是不会通融的.
鲁迅说地上本没有路,但是走的人多了便成了路,也许这种用法有朝一日会得到语法界正式承认,但愿如此.