过去完成时:
1.构成:had + 过去分词
2.功能:
(1)表示过去某个动作或某个具体时间之前已经发生、完成的动作.“过去的过去”.
They had got everything ready before I came.
(2)过去完成时常用于 hardly / scarcely ...when,no sooner ...than等固定句型结构中
She had hardly / scarcely gone to bed when the bell rang.
现在完成时:
1.构成:主语+have(has)+过去分词
2.功能:
(1)现在完成时为过去发生的,强调过去的事情对现在的影响,强调的是影响.
(2)而现在完成时通常与模糊的时间状语连用,或无时间状语.
(3)现在完成时可表示持续到现在的动作或状态,动词一般是延续性的.
I have finished my homework now.
She has returned from Paris.
一般过去时:
(1)在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态.
时间状语有:yesterday,last week,an hour ago,the other day,in 1982等.
Where did you go just now?
(2)表示在过去一段时间内,经常性或习惯性的动作.
When I was a child,I often played football in the street..
(3)一般过去时表示的动作或状态都已成为过去,现已不复存在.
Christine was an invalid all her life.