a²-2a+1=(a-1)²
a²-1=(a+1)(a-1)
所以最简公分母是(a+1)(a-1)²
所以1/(a²-2a+1)=(a+1)/(a+1)(a-1)²
3/(a²-1)=3(a-1)/(a+1)(a-1)²