1 英语中,以-ly结尾的单词基本上是副词,也就是说词尾-ly是副词的标志,但是值得特别注意的是,有些单词以 –ly 结尾却通常用作形容词.如:
1. 一些表示人的名词加–ly构成形容词.如 friendly, manly, womanly, brotherly, sisterly, wifely, comradely, husbandly等.这类形容词除friendly可做表语外,其余的一般都只用作定语,表示被修饰的名词具有某类人的性格特征.如:
He spoke in a friendly way. 他说话的态度很亲切.
The boy walked with a manly stride. 那男孩走路迈着大人的步子.
2. 某些表示时间的名词加–ly构成形容词.如 timely, hourly, daily, weekly, yearly, monthly, quarterly等.这类形容词一般用作定语,而不作表语,不用very修饰.如:
What is my weekly wage? 我的周工资是多少?
We pay a yearly visit to my uncle. 我们每年都要看望我的叔叔.
We cannot be thankful enough to you for your timely and selfish help. 我们对你们及时而无私的援助真是感激不尽.
3. 某些表示地点的名词加–ly构成形容词.如 homely, worldly等.如:
It’s a homely meal. 那是一顿家常便餐.
4. 某些描述性的名词加–ly构成形容词.如:lovely, likely, lively, lonely, sickly等.如:
What lovely flowers those are! 那些花多么好看啊!
She is the most likely girl to win the prize. 她是最有希望得奖的女孩.
5. 某些词尾为–ly的固有单词,如:early, silly, ugly等.除early可作副词外,silly, ugly只能做形容词.如:
You were very silly to trust him. 相信他, 你可真愚蠢.
I don’t like the ugly look of that hole in the gable. 我不喜欢山墙上的那个难看的窟窿.
形容词级的构成 1. 单音节形容词的比较级以及以-ly, -er, -ow结尾的形容词在词尾加-er;以e结尾的形容词在词尾直接加-r构成.dark→darker; quick→quicker; ; clever→cleverer; simple→simpler; narrow→narrower. 2. 多音节形容词的比较级在其前加more构成.important→more important; beautiful→more beautiful. 3. 表语形容词以及由分词变来的形容词,在其前加more构成.afraid →more afraid; interesting→more interesting; pleased→more pleased. 4. 少数形容词的比较级是不规则的. good→better; bad→worse; far→farther / further. 5.以重读闭音节结尾的形容词,双写尾字母加er. 6.以y结尾的,把y变i,加er.early→earlie