1.在“动词+副词”短语中,若宾语是名词时,则该名词既可放在动词与副词之间,也可放在副词之后;若宾语是代词时,则该代词只可放在动词与副词之间,不可放在副词之后.如:
It's time for breakfast.Wake the boy up(the boy放在动词与副词之间.)
It's time for breakfast.Wake up the boy.(the boy也可放在副词之后.)
It's time for breakfast.Wake him up.(him只可放在动词与副词之间.)
2.在“动词+介词”短语中,其宾语无论是名词还是代词,都须放在介词后面加上介词后,才能构成一个相当于及物动词的短语.如:
Listen to me.(不可说Listen me to或Listen me.)
Look at the blackboard.(不可说Look the blackboard at.或Look the blackboard.)
以上两点是二者的区别,那么如何判断动词后面的小品词是副词还是介词呢?
3.介词后面必须跟名词或代词作宾语.如:
1)Look after the baby.
2) Send for a doctor.
副词后面可以带宾语,此时副词之前的动词一定是及物动词.如:Put on the coat.或Put the coat on.(put是及物动词.)
副词后面也可以不带宾语,此时副词前的动词一定是不及物动词.如:In spring the flowers start to come out.(come是不及物动词.)
3.“动词+副词”短语中的副词对动词起修饰、补充作用,而“动词+介词”短语中的介词则不起这个作用.
4.“动词+副词”短语中的副词与动词的宾语存在着逻辑上的主谓关系.而“动词+介词”短语中则不存在这种关系.如:
1)The lift takes him down.宾语him与副词down存在着逻辑上的主谓关系.
2)Go down the road,you'll find the hospital.
宾语the road与介词down不存在逻辑上的主谓关系