By the time I got up, my brother had taken a shower.(对划线部分提问)
what（）your brother （）by the time you got up?
这是一个对谓语部分提问的句子.对谓语部分提问,首先要确定疑问词用what,其次把原来的句子改成以do作谓语的一般问句,时态不变.原句可改为：
1)What
2)Had your brother done by time you got up?
即：
what（had）your brother （done）by the time you got up?
以后遇到所有的对谓语部分提问,都可以这么做.再如：
He is reading English in the room now.
What is he doing in the room now?
They will go home tomorrow.
What will they do tomorrow?