except,except for,except that与besides都有“除外”的含义.
(1)except意为“除……外,不再有……”、“不包括”,相当于without或minus(-),表示一种排除关系.如:
My father goes to work every day except Sunday and Saturday.除周末外,我父亲每天去上班.
(2)except for与except的用法有所不同,except主要用来谈论同类东西,而except for则用来谈论不同类的东西,说明情况后在细节上加以修正.如:
We go there every day except Sunday.除星期天外,我们每天都去那儿.(every day和Sunday都表示时间,同类)
We had a pleasant time,except for the weather.我们玩得很痛快,只是天气不太好.(time表示时间,而weather表示天气,不同类)
(3)except that表示“除了”、“只是”,引导宾语从句.如:
He knew nothing about his trip except that he would be away for two weeks.对这次旅行,他除了知道要离开两周外,就一所无知了.
(4)besides(prep.)意为“除……外,还有……”、“包括”,相当于with或plus(+),表示一种累加关系.如:
There are three more visitors besides me.除我之外,还有三名参观者.