指示代词“this,these,that,those”的用法与区别

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  • this 这,这个,后跟单数名词,比如这本书,this book.

    these 这,这些,后跟复数名词,比如这些书,these books.

    those 那,那些,后跟复数名次,比如那些书,those books.

    而且,these一般指较近的一些人或事物,而those指较远的一些人或事物

    1.作主语、宾语、表语或定语.

    This is my book. 这是我的书.

    Do you like this? 你喜欢这个吗?

    That book is mine. 那本书是我的.

    What I want is this? 我要的就是这个.

    2. this / these一般用来指时间或空间上较近的人或物;而that / those常指时间或空间上较远的人或物.

    This is a pen and that is a pencil.

    We are very busy these days.

    3. this / these可指后面要讲到的事情,而that / those常指前面提到过的事物.

    John asked me to help him with his lessons this evening. I’m afraid I can’t do that.(that指上句提到的help him with his lessons)

    4. that / those可用来指代前面提到的名词.

    This book is not so interesting as that I read yesterday.

    这本书不如我昨天看过的那本有趣.(that指代the book)

    5. 在打电话时,常用that询问对方是“谁”,用this介绍自己是“谁”.

    —Is that Mrs Black speaking ? 你是布莱克夫人吗?

    —Yes, Who’s that ? 是的,你是哪一位?

    —This is Mary, Mrs Black.我是玛丽,夫人.