动词过去时的构成

1个回答

  • 规则动词过去式的构成规则

    1、一般在动词原形末尾加– ed

    Look→ looked play→ played start→ started

    2、结尾是 e 的动词加 -- d

    live→ lived hope→ hoped use→ used

    3、末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词,先双写这个辅音字母,再加—ed

    trip→ tripped stop→ stopped plan→ planned

    4.以-r音节结尾的词,双写r字母,再加-ed

    prefer→ preferred refer→ referred

    5、结尾是“辅音字母+y”的动词,先变“y”为“i”再加—ed

    carry→ carried study→ studied

    规则动词词-ed的读音规则

    1、清念 /t/ ,即 ed 在清辅音后面念 /t/ ,例:finished helped passed cooked

    2、元浊 /d/ ,即 ed 在元音,浊辅音后面念 /d/ ,例:borrowed enjoyed called moved

    3、/t/ /d/ 之后念 /id/ ,即 ed 在 /t/ /d/ 音后面念 /id/例:wanted shouted needed counted

    清念 /t/ ,元浊/d/ ;

    /t/ /d/ 之后念/id/

    不规则动词变化

    英语中有些动词的过去式和过去分词形式变化不规则,可分为五种情况.

    1.动词原形、过去式和过去分词完全同形

    例:原形 过去式 过去分词

    cut(切) hit(打) cast(扔) hurt(伤害) put(放) let(让) shut(关) cost(花费) set(放) rid(清除) cut hit cast hurt put let shut cost set rid cut hit cast hurt put let shut cost set rid

    2.过去式与过去分词完全同形

    例:原形 过去式 过去分词

    find found found(找到) pay paid paid(支付) leave left left(离开) lend lent lent(借出) meet met met(遇见) keep kept kept(保持) lose lost lost(丢失) teach taught taught(教)sit sat sat(坐) lead led led(引导) win won won(赢)

    3.动词原形与过去分词同形

    例:原形 过去式 过去分词

    come came come(来) run ran run(跑) become became become(成为)

    4.动词原形、过去式、过去分词形式完全不同

    例:原形 过去式 过去分词

    give gave given(给) drink drank drunk(喝) see saw seen(看见) go went gone(去) know knew known(知道) wear wore worn(穿) speak spoke spoken(说)

    5.过去式和过去分词有两种形式

    例:

    原形 过去式 过去分词

    burn(燃烧) burned & burnt; learn(学习) learned & learnt ; smell(闻) smelled & smelt

    spell (拼写) spelled & spelt ; shine (照射) shined & shone ; leap (跳) leaped & leapt

    提示

    a.beat的过去式与原形同形:

    比:beat(打击) beat(过去式) beaten(过去分词)

    b.lie有规则变化和不规则变化两种,含义不同

    比:lie lied,lied(说谎)

    lay,lain(躺,位于)

    c.hang 有规则变化和不规则变化两种,含义不同

    比:hang hanged,hanged(处绞刑)

    hung,hung(挂,吊)

    d.welcome(欢迎)一词是规则动词,不可误用为不规则动词

    比:welcome welcomed,welcomed(正)

    welcome,welcome(误)

    e.不要将不规则动词误用为规则动词

    比:hit(打)hit,hit(正)

    hitted,hitted(误)