some主要与any对应
some 一些
1) 可与复数名词及不可数名词连用.
2) 当做"某一"解时,也可与单数名词连用.（= a certain）
You will be sorry for this some day.
总有一天,你会后悔这件事的.
A certain (some) person has seen you break the rule.
某些人不同意你的看法.
注意：
(1)在肯定疑问句中用some代替any.
(2)some用于其他句式中:
a.肯定疑问句中：说话人认为对方的答案会是肯定的,或期望得到肯定回答时.
Would you like句式中,表委婉请求或建议,如：
Would you like some coffee?
b.在条件状语从句中表示确定的意义时,如：
If you need some help,let me know.
c.some位于主语部分,
Some students haven't been there before.
d.当否定的是整体中的部分时,some可用于否定句.如：
I haven't heard from some of my old friends these years.
这些年我没有收到一些老朋友的信.
any 一些
1) any 多用于否定句、疑问句和条件状语从句中.
当句中含有任何的意思时,any可用于肯定句.
Here are three novels.You may read any.这有三本小说,你可任读一本.
many主要与much区别
Many,much都意为"许多",many + 可数名词,much + 不可数名词.
How many people are there at the meeting?
How much time has we left?
Many of the workers were at the meeting.
Much of the time was spent on learning.