1,名词不仅可作主语和宾语,还可充当形容词的作用如：day time.x0d2,形容词修饰名词成为词组如：black coffee,这样它们组合后可作主语和宾语.x0d3,量词 ：x0d4,介词 :介词就是名词前面的中介词,它引导名词.所以介词后面除了名词之外只能跟代词和动名词,绝对不可带现在分词.介词短语可作定语和状语如：there are some apples on the table.地点状语.The apples on the table are drying.介词短语作定语.x0d5,代词 ：人称除主格代词 I,you,等,宾格作宾语如me,所有格my,your 充当形容词修饰名词如：my classmates.非人称代词如it,they,指示代词this,that,these 和 those 可作主语和宾语.亦可作形容词如that time.x0d6,副词 :是用来修饰形容词和动词的如：He has carefully done his very hard job.carefully修饰动词do,very 作为副词修饰形容词hard,后者作为形容词修饰名词job.x0d7,分词 :可分为现在分词和过去分词,它们即可作定语,working time,还可构成分词短语作状语working in this condition,she can't finish her job on time.x0d8,冠词 :可分为不定冠词用于一般叙述 a 和 an,定冠词the用于已经提到过的事物或特定人和物.I saw a student dancing well,the student is his son.