followed Robert outside of the room 是不对的,
因为在outside of the room中,outside的词性为名词,构成一个名词短语,“房子的外面”,直接做宾语(Robert)的补足语不合适,如果要用outside,则需要加一个介词,即followed Robert to outside of the room.
当outside做副词用时,即followed Robert outside, 这样是可以的。(加了of the room,outside词性马上就变成了名词。)