Question

except,except for ,except from

Answer 1

英语中意思为“除了……”的表达有except／except for／besides／apart from／but／but for／other than等,它们的用法复杂多变、难以掌握,学生常常为之困惑烦恼.本文将对其进行总结、归纳、练习,使学生能够系统地掌握它们的用法,消除学生几多愁.1.except和besides都可解作“除……之外” 但含义不同.except表示“从所提到的人或事物中除去,即从整体中除去一部分”,表示递减的概念,含义是否定的.besides表示“除了……之外,还有……”,指“在整体中加入一部分”,表示递加的概念,含义是肯定的.试比较：①We all went except him.除他之外,我们都去了.(他没有去) ②We all went besides him.除他之外,我们大家也都去了.(他也去了) (1)besides常与other／more／else等词连用 except常与all／every／everyone／none／nobody／everything／nothing等总括词连用.eg.He had other people to take care of besidesme.All the students in Class One went to the cinema except Li Ping.(2)若句中没有实义动词do的某种形式 except后接动词不定式 而besides后接动词的-ing形式.eg.I had no choice except to obey／besides obeying his order.(3)若句中有实义动词do的某种形式 二者后面都可以接动词原形.eg.She has nothing to do except／besides go with him.(4)二者后面都可以接从句.eg.①Besides that he explained the theory he gave us some examples.②He is a good student except that he sometimes comes late to school.(5)except后面可接for(构成短语except for)或其他介词短语,而besides不能.except for主要有三层含义：①表示对整体主要部分的肯定和对局部的否定 起部分修正主要意思的作用.eg.Your composition is quite excellent except for several spelling mistakes.②表示非同类事物进行比较.eg.The street is empty except for several cars.③置于句首,表达except的含义.eg.Except for this everything is in order.except for后接名(代)词 可以转移为except＋从句或其他介词短语.eg.The climate here is good except for some rainy days.(except when it rains；except that it sometimes rains；except on the rainy days) 注意：二者用于否定句时含义相同,意思是一样的.eg.He did nothing besides (＝except) this.除这件事外,他什么事也没做.except that 后加从句表示“只是” On the whole he is a nice person to work with except that he is careless.总的来说,他是一个很好共事的人,只是有些粗心.2.except for 主要用来谈论不同类的东西,在说明情况后在细节上加以修正,有时含有惋惜之意：His composition is good except for a few spelling mistakes.他的作文写得不错,只是有几处拼写错误.except for 常可代替cxcept,用于句首时尤其如此.(except不用于句首)：Except for John,everyone was tired.=Everyone was tired except John.除了约翰外,大家都累了.Expect from 从...除外