through和by怎么分辨?

1个回答

  • 1.by

    (1)表示方法,手段.即“用.,通过.”相当于by means of 如:

    All work had to be done by hand 所有的工作都是手工进行的.

    He makes a living by teaching 他以教书为生.

    (2)表示传达、传递的方式或煤介.如:

    How did you send the letter,by airmail or by ordinary mail?

    你是怎么发送的这信,是通过航天邮件还是普通邮件?

    (3)表示用交通工具、通讯工具后接名词单数,不加冠词.如:

    He came by train,but his wife came by bus.他是乘火车来的,可是他老婆是坐公共汽车来的.

    注意下面两句的区别:

    Did you come by train?=Did you come in his car / on my bike?

    “by +抽象名词”构成的词组有:by accident / by chance / by diligence / by effort / by force / by heart / by luck / by mistake / by hard work.

    (4)指数量增加或减少到的程度,相差.

    We lost the match by one goal 我们仅以一球之差输了比赛.

    (5)根据,按照

    pay sb by the hour /day/week

    Sell sth by the pound /meter/ dozen

    sell sth by weight/length

    As a rule,domestic servants doing odd jobs are paid by the hour 通常,家政服务是按照小时计酬的.

    2.through

    (1) 表示“以;通过;经由”.如:

    He succeeded through hard work.

    (2) 空间上通过,透过,经过

    Light comes in through the window.光线从窗户进来.

    (3) 时间上通过,自始至终,从头到尾经过

    He often works through the night 他常常通宵工作.

    注意:在表示手段时,by,through有时也可换用.如:

    Through / By his efforts he succeeded in making so many useful inventions.