a-c=a-b+b-c=1
a²+b²+c²-ab-bc-ca
=1/2(2a²+2b²+2c²-2ab-2bc-2ca)
=1/2[(a-b)^2+(b-c)^2+(a-c)^2]
=1/2[9+4+1]
=1/2*14=7