1.Total utility is the total amount of satisfaction expected from consuming an item or group of items.
【总效用[也称TU],是指消费者（在一定时间内）消费一个或一定数量商品所带来的满足程度的总和.】
2.Marginal utility is the addition to total utility from consuming one more unit of a good.
【边际效用[也称MU],边际效用指消费者（在一定时间内）增加一个单位商品所带来的总效用的增量.】
3.Consumers,in deciding among items,choose those items with the highest marginal utility per dollar.
【消费者在决定购买哪种商品时,会选择那些每美元中拥有最高的边际效应的商品.】
4.An individual maximizes total utility by consuming all items so that the marginal utilities per dollar spent are equal.
【每个人在消费物品时都会在保证使的总效用最大化来是的每美元中的边际效应相等.】
5.Utility theory has been criticized on the grounds that utility is not measurable and that items consumed are not perfectly divisible as the theory of utility maximization requires.Despite these criticisms,utility theory is a useful tool for analyzing consumer behavior.
【效用理论由于其不可测量性以及消费的商品并不像效用最大化所要求的那样可完美分割（两个原因）而受到批评.尽管如此,效用理论仍然是分析消费者行为的一种很有用的工具】