p^5-p=p(p^2+1)(p+1)(p-1) ;
m^4-16n^4=(m^2+4n^2)(m+2n)(m-2n) ;
4xy^2-4x^2y-y^3 =-y(4x^2y-4xy+y^2)=-y(2x-y)^2;
(x^2+1)^2-4x^2 =(x^2+1+2x)(x^2+1-2x)=(x+1)^2(x-1)^2.
p^5-p=p(p^2+1)(p+1)(p-1) ;
m^4-16n^4=(m^2+4n^2)(m+2n)(m-2n) ;
4xy^2-4x^2y-y^3 =-y(4x^2y-4xy+y^2)=-y(2x-y)^2;
(x^2+1)^2-4x^2 =(x^2+1+2x)(x^2+1-2x)=(x+1)^2(x-1)^2.