第一层：
The changes 主语
in globally averaged temperature that have occurred at the Earth's surface over past century 定语
are 谓语
similar 表语
in size and timing 表语补足语1
to those predicted by models that take into account the combined influences of human factors and solar variability 表语补足语2
第二层：
in globally averaged temperature （that have occurred at the Earth's surface over past century ）括号内为temperture的定语从句
to those predicted by models （that take into account the combined influences of human factors and solar variability ）括号内为models的定语从句
第三层：
从句中的成分 还需要分析吗?