B.your father retired
how many year ago（注意ago)是问过去的一个确切时间,而不是至今有多少年.
不能用完成时态.
He retired 5 years ago=he retired in 2005
你觉得上面两句能用完成时态吗?
同样,how many years ago后也应该用一般过去时.
另外,how many引导的是一个宾语从句,作wonder的宾语,所以后面不能用疑问句的语序,而是正常语序.
第二题 B.what he said 原因同上,在从句中,不管是什么疑问句都要变成正常语序.
what are you doing?--------he asked her what she was doing.(不是what was she doing)
where are you going?------he asked her where she was going.(不是where was she going)