x²+y²
=(x+y)²-2xy
=4²-2×4
=8
x^4+y^4
=(x²+y²)²-2x²y²
=8²-2×4²
=32
x^8+y^8
=(x^4+y^4)²-2x^4y^4
=32²-2×256
=1024-512
=512