定长为6 的线段AB的端点A B在抛物线y^2=4x上移动,求AB的中点到y轴的距离的最小值,并求出此时AB中点的坐标

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  • 设A(a²/4,a),B(b²/4,b)

    中点M(m,n)

    m = (a²/4 + b²/4)/2,a² + b² = 8m (1)

    n = (a+ b)/2,a + b = 2n

    平方:a² + b² + 2ab = 4n²

    2ab = 4n² -(a² + b²) = 4n² - 8m (2)

    AB = 6,AB² = 36 = (a²/4 - b²/4)² + (a - b)²

    = (a² - b²)²/16 + (a - b)²

    = [(a² + b²)² - 4a²b²]/16 + a² + b² - 2ab

    = [(8m)² - (4n² - 8m)²]/16 + 8m -4n² + 8m

    = 4n²m - n⁴ - 4n² + 16m

    = (4n² + 16)m - n⁴ - 4n²

    m = (n⁴ + 4n² + 36)/(4n² + 16) (m为AB的中点到y轴的距离)

    = (1/4)(n⁴ + 4n² + 36)/(n² + 4)

    = (1/4)[n² + 36/(n² (1/4)

    = (1/4)[n² + 4+ 36/(n² + 4) - 4]

    ≥(1/4)[2√(n² + 4)*6/√(n² + 4) - 4]

    = (1/4)(2*6 - 4)

    = 2

    此时n² + 4 = 36/(n² + 4)

    n² = 2,n = ±√2

    M(2,±√2)