如何判断不定式的成分?如题

2个回答

  • 不定式通常是由不定式符号to+ 动词原形构成.

    不定式作宾语

    不定式作宾语有两种情况:一是及物动词后直接跟带to的不定式,二是“动词+疑问词 +带to的不定式”.

    ⑴“动词+带to的不定式”结构:常见的以不定式作宾语的动词有afford,agree,believe,decide,fail,hope,want,plan,choose,prepare,forget,remember,begin/start,learn,promise,refuse,wish等.如:

    I can’t afford to buy a house.

    ⑵“动词+疑问代(副)词+不定式”结构:常见的这类动词有advise,decide,forget,know,learn,remember,see,tell,think,teach,wonder,understand,guess,explain等.这类疑问代(副)词what,when,which,where,how,whether等(不包含why).如:

    She does not know how to go there.

    He will tell you when to start.

    ⑶在不定式作宾语时,有时我们会使用it作形式宾语,而把不定式放到后面.如:

    They consider it unnecessary to have classes in the evening

    不带to 的不定式

    1.表示感觉的动词see,hear,feel,notice,watch,observe和have,let,make后的宾语可接不带to的不定式.

    He noticed the man enter the room.

    他注意到有人进屋了.

    They made her do the work alone.

    他们让她单独做这个工作.

    2.help后的不定式可以带to也可以不带to.

    Can you help me (to) clean up after the meal?

    作宾语补足语

    表示“命令、忠告”等的动词,如:tell,ask,want,wish,allow,advise,invite,order,remind,warn,encourage等后面常接不定式作宾补;感官动词feel,hear,see,watch等和使役动词make,let,have等后接不定式作宾补时须省去to.