x²-4y²-x-2y
=(x²-4y²)+(-x-2y )
=(x+2y)(x-2y)-(x+2y)
=(x+2y)(x-2y-1)
1-a²-b²-2ab
=1-(a²+2ab+b²)
=1-(a+b)²
=(1+a+b)(1-a-b)