同位语从句
一、同位语从句的位置与定语从句的比较:
1、同位语从句与定语从句一样,都是用在名词后面.所不的就是:定语从句是修饰限制它前面的名词,因此,它是属于形容词从句.而同位语从句属于名词性从句,它是用来说明它前面的名词内容的,或者说是解释前面名词的内容.
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2、同位语从句只用that作为开头(I have no idea除外),属于连词,在从句中不起成分作用,但不可省略.而定语从句是以关系代词、关系 副词开头,它们在从句中起句子成分作用(作主语、宾语、表语、定语 或状语),作宾语时可以省略.
3、只有在内容方面可以进一步阐明的名词(一般为抽象名词)才能带同 位语从句,而几乎任何名词都可以带定语从句.
比较:(
1)The suggestion (that) she has given at the meeting is good.(
2)The suggestion that she should stay in the room is good.
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1)句中that she has given at the meeting这个从句说明了是她提 出的建议,不是别人的建议,也就是限定了the suggestion的范围,但 并没有说明建议的内容.从结构上分析,that是give的宾语,所以这个 从句是定语从句.(
2)句的that she should stay in the room这个从句说明了建议的内 容,同时,that只起连词作用,在从句中既不是主语,也不是宾语,但 不能省略,所以它是同位语从句.
二、同位语从句前常用的名词:同位语从句说明的名词常见的有:ability,advice,answer,belief,doubt,discovery,fact,fear,hope,idea,information,message,news,order,possibility,problem,proposal,question,story,suggestion,theory,thought,word(消息)等.而不可说明的名词是不会接同位语从句的.比如:man,water,sun等具体的人或事物.例如:There is no doubt that the prices of cars will go down.The belief that the company will make a great is shared by everyone.
三、where,when,why,how,who,what等在引导同位语从句时,一般只用于I have no idea结构中,其实,这种类型的同位语从句应该 列入宾语从句的范畴,因为I have no idea意思就是I don't know…… 如:I have no idea where I should go.I have no idea how I can get to the railway station.
四、有时候主句的谓语比较短,同位语从句比较长,这个从句就不一定 紧接在它所说明的名词后面.如:Word(消息) came that our Chinese women team had beaten Japanese.
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