1、[f(x1)+f(x2)]/2 - f[(x1+x2)/2]
=[( ax1²+x1)+( ax2²+x2)]/2 - {a[(x1+x2)/2]²+ (x1+x2)/2}
=(ax1²+ ax2²)/2 - a(x1+x2)²/4
=(a/4)*[(2x1²+ 2x2²) - (x1+x2)²]
=(a/4)*(x1²+ x2²-2x1x2)
=(a/4)*(x1-x2)²
可见：
若a>0,则上式≥0,也即[f(x1)+f(x2)]/2 - f[(x1+x2)/2]≥0,所以f(x1)+f(x2)]/2≥f[(x1+x2)/2]
若a0,则f(x)表示开口向上的二次函数,其对称轴x= -1/(2a)